Routine oral care, such as brushing and regular check-ups, is crucial for maintaining your dog's overall health. Unfortunately, it is often overlooked. Here, our Southern Wisconsin vets talk about dental care and how to treat and prevent periodontal disease in dogs.
What is periodontal disease in dogs?
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is caused by a build-up of plaque on a dog's teeth, leading to infection and other health issues.
In the early stages of periodontal disease, your dog may not display any signs or symptoms. In its more advanced stage, symptoms include chronic pain, tooth loss, gum erosion or even bone loss.
What causes periodontal disease in dogs?
A buildup of plaque and tartar causes periodontal disease when a dog's teeth are not properly cared for. Once tartar forms on your pup's teeth, it becomes more difficult to remove and often requires professional intervention.
As the tartar buildup on the teeth, your dog's gums will begin to recede. At this more advanced stage, you may see abscesses, tissue and bone deterioration, and teeth loosening and falling out. In small (toy) breeds, advanced periodontal disease can even lead to jaw fractures.
Some dogs are also prone to periodontal disease due to poor nutrition and diet. Other factors that may contribute to the development of periodontal disease in dogs include dirty toys, excessive grooming habits, and crowded teeth.
What are the signs that your dog is experiencing periodontal disease?
Unfortunately, the signs and symptoms of periodontal disease may not be apparent until the condition is advanced. Some of the signs that you may see are:
- Bad breath (halitosis)
- Loose or missing teeth teeth
- Blood on chew toys or in the water bowl
- Excessive drooling
- Favoring one side of the mouth when chewing
- Reduced appetite
- Discolored teeth (yellow or brown)
- Inflamed or bleeding gums
- Irritability
- Problems keeping food in the mouth
- Weight loss
- Bloody or 'ropey' saliva
Periodontal disease is a serious health concern for our dogs. It can be painful and negatively affect your dog's bodily health as bacteria on the gums can travel into the bloodstream and affect major organs like the heart or kidney. If you notice any of the above symptoms in your pup, immediately take them to the vet .
How to Treat Periodontal Disease in Dogs
When you take your dog to the vet for periodontal disease, the vet may suggest a professional cleaning or other treatments based on the severity of the dog's oral condition. The cost of your dog's dental care will depend on the specific treatment needed.
Anesthesia is required for a thorough examination of your dog's gum health and condition. Pre-anesthesia blood work is essential to determine whether your pet is healthy enough for anesthesia medications.
Dental procedures for dogs typically include:
- A pre-anesthetic physical assessment
- A complete oral examination
- Teeth cleaning
- Teeth polishing
- Dental X-rays
- Fluoride treatment
- Dental sealant
How You Can Help Prevent Periodontal Disease in Dogs
Prevention of this disease is relatively easy; in many cases, you can avoid periodontal disease by regularly brushing your dog's teeth and bringing them for annual or bi-annual dental checkups.
Brushing between appointments helps maintain your dog's oral hygiene and prevents the build-up of plaque. You may also consider providing dental chews or toys specifically designed to clean your dog's teeth while chewing.
If your pooch is displaying symptoms of periodontal disease, such as swollen or inflamed gums, appetite changes or missing teeth, book an appointment with your vet as soon as possible.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.